Article pdf available in bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 985. And they have a good efficiency to dis mantle hydrocarbon compounds by 80%, and. Biodegradation of kirkuk light crude oil by bacillus. Biodegradation of crude oil in seawater degradation of crude oil in seawater was carried out in erlenmeyer. Biodegradation of complex hydrocarbon usually requires the cooperation of more than a single species. Introduction the biodegradation of petroleum and other hydrocarbons in the environment is a complex process, whos quantitative and qualitative aspects depend on the nature and amount of the oil or hydrocarbons present, the ambient and seasonal environmental. A preliminary study was undertaken to determine the optimal conditions for the biodegradation of a crude oil. The comments cannot be carried out directly on the biodegradation ability of bacteria, due to various incubation conditions. Study on the biodegradation of crude oil by free and. It is a natural process necessary to keep our planet clean and healthy.
Fortunately, petroleum introduced to the sea seems to be degraded either biologically or abiotically. Seawater contains a range of microorganisms that can partially or completely degrade oil to watersoluble compounds and eventually to carbon dioxide and water deanraymond and bartha, 1975. Crudeoil biodegradation via methanogenesis in subsurface. The need to understand the biodegradation of oil and chemical dispersants in arctic marine environments is increasing alongside growth in oil exploration and transport in the region. Crude oil biodegradation in the marine environments intechopen.
These bacteria exhibit the ability to disman tle crude oil through clear emulsion layer of crude oil. Summary biodegradation of oils in nature is important in reservoirs cooler than approximately 80c. Two experiments with kz crude oil and three experiments with kz30 biodegraded oil were performed to study the impact of biodegradation on kinetics of hydrate formation. The removal of crude oil by bioremediation was achieved in less time as compared to natural attenuation and biostimulation. Bioremediation is a lowcost approach for crude oil spill remediation, but it is often limited by electron acceptor availability. Enhanced biodegradation of alkane hydrocarbons and crude. International journal of biological sciences and applications. Xm01, were isolated from soil samples polluted by crude oil at bohai offshore. Ravikumar3 1department of microbiology, shrimathi indira gandhi college, tiruchirappalli, india 2department of botany, a.
Oil type and temperature dependent biodegradation dynamics. Addition of dispersants forms smaller oil droplets that. The crude oil used in the experiment was obtained by dissolving crude oil sample in nonaromatic petroleum ether 6090. Biodegradation of crude oil by individual bacterial. Biodegradation of diesel, crude oil and spent lubricating oil by soil isolates of bacillus spp. Effect of biodegradation and water washing on crude oil. Microbial organisms biodegrade oil and dispersants. Pdf bacterial biodegradation of crude oil using local isolates. Frontiers biodegradation of crude oil and corexit 9500 in. Biodegradation of crude oil and corexit 9500 in arctic seawater. Bacterial degradation of crude oil by gravimetric analysis.
Two extreme halophilic haloferax strains and one strain each of halobacterium and halococcus were isolated from a hypersaline coastal area of the arabian gulf on a mineral salt medium with crude oil vapor as a sole source of carbon and energy. Oil spillage may be caused by natural disasters likeearthquakes in the sea surface or due to accidental leaks during exploration, refining, storage andtransportation. Bacterial biodegradation of crude oil using local isolates. Biodegradation of petroleum and crude oil by pseudomonas putida and bacillus cereus c. In case of crude oil, the different types such as heavy or light crude oil can affect the cleanup procedures. This may be due to the fact that the microorganisms in the soil have efficiency ability in utilizing the residual crude oil as a source of carbon and energy 8. Fosc in selecting and conducting land aerobic biodegradation of oil contaminated wastes from inland oil spills, leakingunplugged oil wells, abandoned oil refinery sites, pipeline ruptures, andor tank failures. Unfortunately, the rate at which we are producing waste far outpaces the rate of natural biodegradation, making our current state unsustainable. Capillary gas chromatography was used for testing the effect of those bacterial species on the biodegradation of crude oil. A mass balance was established that showed that only a small fraction of the crude oil was mineralized, approximately 40% was volatilized and most tph remained in the sediment. Biodegradation of crude oil in sandy sediment jussara p.
Crude oil, bacterial consortium, kinetics, bioremediation, biostimulation, natural attenuation. Biodegradation of tapis crude oil using consortium of. Arctic seawater, biodegradation, crude oil pollution, corexit. Introduction the spilled petroleum constitutes hydrocarbons are one of the main environmental pollutants. The consequence of oil pollution to environment and human health has brought a serious challenge to environmental scientists. Effect of addition of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
Jun 28, 2001 biodegradation of crude oil by bacterial activitywhich has occurred in the majority of the earths oil reserves1is known to reduce greatly the quality of petroleum in reservoirs2. Biodegradation and phytotoxicity of crude oil hydrocarbons in an agricultural soil wasen abdulameer ali 1 1southern technical university, college of health and medical technology, department of community health technology, basra, iraq. This is particularly true in pollutants that are made up of many different compounds such as crude oil or petroleum and complete mineralization to co 2 and h 2 o is desired. A diverse group of microorganisms has the ability to clean up the hydrocarbon contaminated sites. Changing in color of inoculated media in the flasks from deep blue to colorless indicates the ability of fungi to biodegradation of crude oil. Diesel oil is highly complex in nature, it is very difficult to understand the degradation mechanism. Biodegradation of crude oil by individual bacterial strains. Multiple controls on petroleum biodegradation and impact. Biodegradation halflives are presented in additional file 2. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. The highest percentage of crude oil degradation was obtained in run number 12, where 86. Biodegradation of crude oil was analyzed every 6 days to determine the amount of crude oil that has been degraded.
Pdf biodegradation of crude oils in reservoirs researchgate. Biostimulation is a process by which nutrients andor oxygen are added to enhance bioremediation. Biodegradation occurs when bacteria, fungi, or other organism or biological process chemically dissolves materials. Frontiers biodegradation of crude oil and corexit 9500. C, and then desalinated using anhydrous sodium sulfate, and finally filtrated. Results of firstorder kinetic model to determine the rate of biodegradation of used lubricating oil revealed that soil amended with bsg recorded the highest rate of oil biodegradation 0.
Since crude oil is a mixture of compounds and since individual microorganisms metabolize only a limited range of hydrocarbon substrates raed and shimaa, 2014, biodegradation of crude oil requires mixture of different bacterial groups or consortia functioning to degrade a wider range. Studies have shown that the biodegradation of oil spill dispersants or crude oil increases with decrease in salinity 8, 18, 35. Mar 27, 2017 crude oil degradation consortium has been carried out in previous studies. The aim is to carry out a survey of several examples which can provide a sequence illustrating the stepbystep biodegradation of crude oil.
Reports have been appearing since last three decades on the biodegradability of crude oil by bacteria which can use hydrocarbons as source of carbon and energy. Improving the effectiveness of crude oil hydrocarbon biodegradation employing azotobacter chroococcum as coinoculant 5 10 15 20 25 30 pujawati suryatmana1, edwan kardena2, enny ratnaningsih3 and wisjnuprapto2. Molecular transformation of crude oil contaminated soil. Biodegradation of oil in uplifted basins prevented by deep. Biodegradation and phytotoxicity of crude oil hydrocarbons. Impact of biodegradation of oil on the kinetics of gas. The rate of crude oil biodegradation in the soil seems to be rapid. Biodegradation of used motor oil in soil using organic. Biodegradation of used motor oil in soil using organic waste. Biodegradation of crude oil by pseudomonas aeruginosa in. Potential approaches to improving biodegradation of. Salinity was one of the factors that affected the rate of biodegradation. Biodegradation of crude oil by a defined coculture of. With increasing demands of fossil fuel energy, extensive exploration of natural sources has caused a number of large scale accidental spills of crude oil and resulted in some significantly environmental disasters.
Rhizospheric biodegradation of crude oil from contaminated soil. For instance, biodegradation via bacteria can aid in the cleanup of oil spills. The fate of oil from the alaskan spill estimated 35,500 m3 of crude oil. The biodegradation of l1, l2, r2 and k1 increases with decrease in salinity whereas in r1 and k2, it slightly decreases with increase in salinity. The rate of crude oil biodegradation in the sea supplementary information roger c. P ratio to optimize microbial activities in order to improve the effectiveness and efficacy of bioremediation of crude oil pollutants. Biodegradation is natures waste management and recycling system. Pdf bacterial biodegradation of crude oil using local. Dec 12, 2007 biodegradation of crude oil in subsurface petroleum reservoirs has adversely affected the majority of the worlds oil, making recovery and refining of that oil more costly 1. These compounds cannot be analysed by standard extraction and gas chromatographic methods. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the biodegradation of petrolum compound by bacillus subtilis isolated from automobile. In general, all the treatments including the control showed an increment of tph degradation from day 6 to day 30. Crude oil contains hydrocarbon and does not resist attack by microorganisms.
All flasks incubated in room temperature using a shaker with 180 revmin for seven days. Enhancing biodegradation of crude oil in soil using. Biodegradation of petroleum compound using pseudomonas aeruginosa. Biodegradation of crude oil and pure hydrocarbons by extreme. Multiple controls on petroleum biodegradation and impact on oil quality lloyd m. Selfimmobilised bacterial consortium culture as readytouse.
Biodegradation of crude oil by individual bacterial strains and a. Enzymes that help in crude oil degradation are made when crude oil compounds are present in microbes environment 43 biodegradation of crude oil compound oil compound is electron donor will donate e. Major oil spills in the world by order of quantity 2. In varjanis study, about 30% crude oil 3% vv biodegradation occurred in 12 d. Biodegradation of petroleum compound using the bacterium. A way to mitigate the effects of oil spills is bioremediation. Capillary gas chromatography was used for testing the effect of those bacterial species on the biodegradation of. The world production of crude oil is increasing more than 3 billion year. The causes can be numerous but the consequences are the same. Biodegradation of crude oil by microbials appears to be the natural process by which the bulk of the polluting oil is used as an organic carbon source, causing the breakdown of petroleum components to lower molecular compounds or transformed into the other organic compounds such as biosurfactants chhatre et al. Crude oil degradation consortium has been carried out in previous studies. Crude oil biodegradation in the marine environments. Two fresh crude oils grane and troll, with different chemical.
Read petroleum biodegradation and oil spill bioremediation, marine pollution bulletin on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. Through residual oil analysis, it is apparent that the defined coculture displayed a degradation ratio 85. In addition, the biodegradation products of crude oil contaminants are complex, and transformation pathways are difficult to decipher. Their abundance and persistence in several polluted environmental areas have beenreported. It breaks down everything from yard waste to crude oil. They too, noted that this would have been missed by conventional extraction and analysis methods. Opposed to this, lowest biodegradation occurred in run number, where only 12. Biodegradation and bioremediation of hydrocarbons in extreme. Many researchers studied on petroleum degradation by using bacteria at. Mukherjee ongccentre for petroleum biotechnology, department of molecular biology and biotechnology, tezpur university, tezpur 784 028, india.
An isolated bacterial consortium for crude oil biodegradation. Three bacterial isolates identified as alcanivorax borkumensis sk2, rhodococcus erythropolis hs4 and pseudomonas stutzeri sdm, based on. We chemically quantified biodegradation and abiotic losses of crude oil and corexit 9500, when present separately, in incubations of arctic seawater and identified microorganisms potentially. The results of the studies in soil contaminated with 5% and 15% used lubricating oil amended with organic wastes bs, bsg, and smc show low 55% oil biodegradation in soil contaminated with 15% oil compared with 92% oil biodegradation recorded in 5% oil pollution, thus, showing that level of oil contamination influenced the rate of oil. The study of crude oil geochemistry becomes difficult when crude oils are altered by microbial action biodegradation and water washing. Oil that has undergone biodegradation or photooxidation, contains oxygenated compounds. Among this study highest zone of exhibition was noted in pseudomonas putida 8mm in diameter compared than bacillus cereus 6mm in diameter shrivastava and gupta, 2008. The aim of this work was to study biodegradation of crude oil by defined cocultures of indigenous bacterial consortium and exogenous bacillus subtilis. By using these consortia, we have been able to investigate the capability of efficient biodegradation of crude oil could be accomplished by the mixed populations. Microbial biodegradation is the use of bioremediation and biotransformation methods to harness the naturally occurring ability of microbial xenobiotic metabolism to degrade, transform or accumulate environmental pollutants, including hydrocarbons e. Biodegradation of natural oils in seawater 21 and schinner, 2001. Abstract the bioremediation of light arabian oil in sandy sediment by the mixed culture designated nd, obtained from landfarming, associated to indigenous microorganisms resulted in 42. Biodegradation of oil and corexit 9500a by arctic marine. We chemically quantified biodegradation and abiotic losses of crude oil and corexit 9500, when present separately, in incubations of arctic seawater and identified microorganisms potentially involved in.
Capillary gas chromatography was used for testing the effect of those bacterial species on the biodegradation of crude. In another words, biodegradation of crude oil contaminants. The crude oil sample was from xingzhong sinochem oil transport zhoushan co. Subsurface biodegradation of crude oil in a fractured. Decisions as to whether or not to rely upon microbial oil biodegradation, including whether to apply bioremediation, should be driven by risk and not just the presence of detectable hydrocarbons. The isolated strain was able to grow in minimal broth along with 2. Results microbial alteration of crude oil by mixed cultures in the gifhorn trough, crude oils of various types are found. Aug 15, 2011 one should, however, not expect 100% removal of oil by biodegradationpatches of highly weathered oil likely will remain in some environments. The process can be beneficial or detrimental within the industry depending on the circumstances.
Since crude oil is made of a mixture of compounds, and since individual microorganisms metabolize only a limited range of hydrocarbon substrates, 14, biodegradation of crude oil requires mixture of different bacterial groups or consortia functioning to degrade a wider range of hydrocarbons 14, 15. The former one could degrade alkane hydrocarbons crude oil and diesel, 1. Sample 049 is a biodegradation of crude oils 197 paraffinic oil, whereas sample 017 is ascribed to a naphthenic type without nalkanes in the saturated hydrocarbon fraction. Biodegradation of crude oil in surface environments results in similar changes in crude oil composition and the loss of saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons, together with an increase in the relative abundance of the polar fractions which are more resistant to biodegradation, is a characteristic signature of crude oil biodegradation. Enhanced biodegradation of alkane hydrocarbons and crude oil. Biodegradation of crude oil in subsurface petroleum reservoirs has adversely affected the majority of the worlds oil, making recovery and refining of that oil more costly 1. Assay of crude oil degradation by plate method the crude oil degradation ability of bacterial strains was analyzed by plate assay method. Biodegradability of selectedoil spill dispersants commonly. The present study was conducted to determine the biodegradation of petrol by pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from petrol contaminated soil. An experimental study was undertaken to assess the efficiency of pseudomonas aeruginosa, bacillus subtilis, and acinetobacter lwoffi isolated from petroleum contaminated water and soil samples to degrade crude oil, separately and in a mixed bacterial consortium. Biodegradation and transport of crude oil in sand and.
Conventional methods do not analyse for polar compounds and would not count them in the analytical results. Biodegradation of the crude oil of hassi messaoud and the arabian oil by microorganisms isolated from fishing port of mostaganem algeria. Biodegradation of hydrocarbons in soil by microbial. The biodegradation of crude oil in soil added with microbes and fertilizer treatment b showed no significant difference. In order to elucidate the cooperative action of mixed microbial populations in the biodegradation of crude oil, we have built up artificial consortia made up of twothree bacteria. Petroleum biodegradation and oil spill bioremediation, marine. Crude petroleumoil biodegradation eyciency of bacillus. This study demonstrates that bioelectrochemical systems bess can be effective in crude oil degradation by integrating. China, 2 key laboratory of marine chemistry theory and technology, ministry of education, ocean university of china. Potential approaches to improving biodegradation of hydrocarbons for bioremediation of crude oil pollution. Biodegradation of kirkuk light crude oil by bacillus thuringiensis, northern of iraq. Multiple controls on petroleum biodegradation and impact on oil. Biodegradation of the crude oil of hassi messaoud and the. Multiple controls on petroleum biodegradation and impact on.
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